Beach Replenishment is when sand is added to an eroded part of a beach to create a buffer against storms. Read below to learn more about beach replenishment and how it affects our coastlines.
Prior to beach replenishment, the beach has a small volume of sand. The coastline is susceptible to further storm damage. In addition to storm damage, eroded beaches can hurt tourism and recreational value of the coastline.
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After beach replenishment is done, the size of the beach is greatly increased. A larger beach profile provides greater protection against storms. Wider beach profiles save coastal areas money by preventing flood and storm damage.
Image Source: Google Images
Since 1936 New Jersey has been conducting beach replenishment projects. Most of those projects occurred in Cape May County (146 total projects). Cape may is followed by Monmouth County (86 projects) and then Ocean County (74 projects). For more data on beach replenishment projects in New Jersey click the button below:
Typically replenishment projects are done in the spring. If done in the winter, there is a risk that placed sand will be eroded by higher wave activity.
Beach replenishment projects are done every few years at a location. Time between projects can vary based on rates of erosion at the location. However, for a project to be done, it must pass a cost benefit analysis. In a cost benefit analysis, the benefits provided by completing a project must surpass the cost of conducting the project.
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For Federal beach replenishment projects the cost is divided three ways among the federal, state, and local governments. The federal government will pay 65% of the projects costs. Of the remaining 35% the state will pay 75% and the local government will pay the remaining 25%.
Sand used for beach replenishment is usually dredge material but can also be sourced from inland sources. To see how dredged material makes its way to project sites, watch the video below
For projects to be successful, the placed sand has to be compatible with the native beach. Sediment compatibility is based on a lot of factors including grain size, sediment sorting, and sand color. For more information on coastal sediments and how beach compatibility is calculated, check the USACE Coastal Engineering Manual Part 3
After beach replenishment has been done, it is important to monitor beaches for future erosion. Stockton University's Coastal Research Center helps communities along New Jersey's coast monitor their shoreline for erosion. For more information click below to view annual reports for coastal municipalities.
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